Technical forensic speaker recognition: Evaluation, types and testing of evidence

Important aspects of Technical Forensic Speaker Recognition, particularly those associated with evidence, are exemplified and critically discussed, and comparisons drawn with generic Speaker Recognition. The centrality of the Likelihood Ratio of Bayes theorem in correctly evaluating strength of forensic speech evidence is emphasised, as well as the many problems involved in its accurate estimation. It is pointed out that many different types of evidence are of use, both experimentally and forensically, in discriminating same-speaker from different-speaker speech samples, and some examples are given from real forensic case-work to illustrate the Likelihood Ratio-based approach. The extent to which Technical Forensic Speaker Recognition meets the Daubert requirement of testability is also discussed. 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.